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Rational Fasting
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The Rational Mind
Scott Sturgeon presents an original account of mental states and their dynamics.He develops a detailed story of coarse- and fine-grained mental states, a novel perspective on how they fit together, an engaging theory of the rational transitions between them, and a fresh view of how formal methods can advance our understanding in this area.In doing so, he addresses a deep four-way divide in literature on epistemic rationality.Formal epistemology is done in specialized languages--often seeming a lot more like mathematics than Plato--and so can alienate philosophers who are drawn to more traditional work on thought experiments in epistemic rationality.Conversely, informal epistemology appears to be a lot more like Plato than mathematics and, as such, it tends to deter philosophers drawn to formal models of the phenomena.Similarly, the epistemology of coarse-grained states boils down everything to a discussion of rational belief--making the area appear a lot more like foundations of knowledge than anything useful for the theory rational decision, such as decision-making under uncertainty.The Rational Mind unifies work in all of these areas for the first time.
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The Rational Bible: Deuteronomy
Is the Bible, the most influential book in world history, still relevant?Why do people dismiss it as being irrelevant, irrational, immoral, or all of these things?This explanation of the Book of Deuteronomy, the fifth book of the Bible, will demonstrate how it remains profoundly relevant—both to the great issues of our day and to each individual life. Do you doubt the existence of God because you think believing in God is irrational?This book will cause you to reexamine your doubts. The title of this commentary is The Rational Bible because its approach is entirely reason-based.The reader is never asked to accept anything on faith alone.In Dennis Prager’s words, “If something I write is not rational, I have not done my job.”The Rational Bible is the fruit of Prager’s forty years of teaching to people of every faith and no faith at all.On virtually every page, you will discover how the text relates to the contemporary world in general and to you on a personal level. His goal: to change your mind—and, as a result, to change your life.
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The Uses of Delusion : Why It's Not Always Rational to Be Rational
A fascinating examination of delusional thinking and how it might benefit health, relationships, and wellbeing. Although reason and rationality are our friends in almost all contexts, in some cases people are better off putting reason aside.In a number of very important situations, we benefit by not seeing the world as it is, and by not behaving like logic-driven machines.Sometimes we know we aren't making sense, and yet we are compelled to act against reason; in other cases, our delusions are so much a part of normal human experience that we are unaware of them.As intelligent as we are, much of what has helped humans succeed as a species is not our prodigious brain power but something much more basic.The Uses of Delusion is about aspects of human nature that are not altogether rational but, nonetheless, help us achieve our social and personal goals.Psychologist Stuart Vyse presents a lively, accessible exploration of the psychological concepts behind "useful delusions", fleshing out how delusional thinking may play a role in love and relationships, illness and loss, and personality and behavior.Along the way Vyse draws on the work of William James, Daniel Kahneman, and Joan Didion - who wrote about her compelling belief that her husband, though deceased, would soon return to her.Throughout, Vyse strives to answer the question: why would some of our most illogical beliefs be as helpful as they are?The concluding chapter offers an explanation grounded in natural selection - the ability to fool ourselves, Vyse argues, has actually helped us to survive.In the final pages of The Uses of Delusion, Vyse offers suggestions for determining when reason should rule and when intuition and emotion should be allowed to take over.
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Is the product of two rational numbers rational?
Yes, the product of two rational numbers is also rational. This is because when you multiply two rational numbers, the result can always be expressed as a ratio of two integers, which is the definition of a rational number. Therefore, the product of two rational numbers will always be rational.
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Is the product of rational numbers also a rational number?
Yes, the product of rational numbers is also a rational number. This is because when you multiply two rational numbers, the result can always be expressed as a fraction of two integers, where the denominator is not zero. Therefore, the product of rational numbers is always a rational number.
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Can someone help me with the analysis of non-rational functions?
Yes, non-rational functions can be analyzed using various techniques. One approach is to identify the domain and range of the function, as well as any asymptotes or discontinuities. Additionally, you can analyze the behavior of the function as the input approaches positive or negative infinity. Another important aspect is to identify the critical points and analyze the concavity and inflection points using the second derivative test. Finally, you can also use graphing techniques to visualize the function and understand its behavior.
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What is the question about rational functions and zeros?
The question about rational functions and zeros typically asks students to find the zeros of a given rational function. This involves setting the numerator of the rational function equal to zero and solving for the values of the variable that make the numerator zero. The zeros of a rational function are the x-values where the function equals zero, and they can help in understanding the behavior of the function, such as its x-intercepts and asymptotes. Students may also be asked to analyze the behavior of the function near its zeros, such as determining if the zeros are real or complex, and if they are single, double, or higher-order zeros.
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Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
This essential primer, amply illustrated with case examples featuring diverse clients, is perfect for graduate students studying theories of therapy and counseling, as well as for seasoned practitioners interested in understanding how rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) has evolved and how it might be used in their practice. Created in the 1950s by the legendary Albert Ellis, rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) teaches clients to challenge their irrational thinking. REBT is based on the simple idea that it is not external circumstances that make a person happy or unhappy, but rather internal thoughts about events or oneself.Thinking, feeling, and behavior are seen as linked and influencing one another. Because changing one's thinking is usually the simplest tactic in a given situation, it tends to be the focus of therapy, alongside the humanistic core REBT philosophies of unconditional self-acceptance, unconditional other-acceptance, and unconditional life-acceptance. Because changing one's thinking is usually the simplest tactic in a given situation, it tends to be the focus of therapy, alongside the humanistic core REBT philosophies of unconditional self-acceptance, unconditional other-acceptance, and unconditional life-acceptance. This second edition includes updated clinical research, as well as a thorough examination of the important distinctions between REBT and cognitive-behavior approaches.
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Arbitrage and Rational Decisions
This unique book offers a new approach to the modeling of rational decision-making under conditions of uncertainty and strategic and competition interactions among agents.It presents a unified theory in which the most basic axiom of rationality is the principle of no-arbitrage, namely that neither an individual decision maker nor a small group of strategic competitors nor a large group of market participants should behave in such a way as to provide a riskless profit opportunity to an outside observer. Both those who work in the finance area and those who work in decision theory more broadly will be interested to find that basic tools from finance (arbitrage pricing and risk-neutral probabilities) have broader applications, including the modeling of subjective probability and expected utility, incomplete preferences, inseparable probabilities and utilities, nonexpected utility, ambiguity, noncooperative games, and social choice.Key results in all these areas can be derived from a single principle and essentially the same mathematics. A number of insights emerge from this approach. One is that the presence of money (or not) is hugely important for modeling decision behavior in quantitative terms and for dealing with issues of common knowledge of numerical parameters of a situation.Another is that beliefs (probabilities) do not need to be uniquely separated from tastes (utilities) for the modeling of phenomena such as aversion to uncertainty and ambiguity.Another over-arching issue is that probabilities and utilities are always to some extent indeterminate, but this does not create problems for the arbitrage-based theories. One of the book’s key contributions is to show how noncooperative game theory can be directly unified with Bayesian decision theory and financial market theory without introducing separate assumptions about strategic rationality.This leads to the conclusion that correlated equilibrium rather than Nash equilibrium is the fundamental solution concept. The book is written to be accessible to advanced undergraduates and graduate students, researchers in the field, and professionals.
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Risk-Return Analysis: The Theory and Practice of Rational Investing (Volume One)
The two most important words Harry Markowitz ever wrote are "portfolio selection." In 1952, when everyone in the stock market was looking for the next hot stock, as a doctoral candidate, he proposed to look at many, diverse stocks--a portfolio.He laid the first cornerstone of Modern Portfolio Theory and defended the idea that strategic asset growth means factoring in the risk of an investment.More than 60 years later, the father of modern finance revisits his original masterpiece, describes how his theory has developed, and proves the vitality of hisrisk-return analysis in the current global economy. Risk-Return Analysis opens the door to agroundbreaking four-book series giving readers a privileged look at the personal reflections and current strategies of a luminary in finance.This first volume is Markowitz's response to what he calls the "Great Confusion" that spread when investors lost faith in the diversification benefits of MPT during the financial crisis of 2008.It demonstrates why MPT never became ineffective during the crisis, and how you can continue to reap the rewards of managed diversification into the future.Economists and financial advisors will benefit from the potent balance of theory and hard data on mean-variance analysis aimed at improving decision-making skills.Written for the academic and the practitioner withsome math skills (mostly high school algebra), this richly illustrated guide arms you with:Concrete steps to accurately select and apply the right risk measures in a given circumstanceRare surveys of a half-century of literature covering the applicability of MPTEmpirical data showing mean and riskmeasure used to maximize return in the long termPRAISE FOR RISK-RETURN ANALYSIS"Harry Markowitz invented portfolio analysis and presented the theory in his famous 1952 article and 1959 book.Nobody has greater insight into the process than Harry.No academic or practitioner can truly claim to understand portfolio analysis unless they have read this volume." -- Martin J.Gruber, Professor Emeritus and Scholar in Residence, Stern School of Business, New York University"Surveying the vast literature inspired by [Markowitz's] own 1959 book has stimulated an outpouring of ideas.He builds on the strengths and limitations of the important papers in order to come up with a position that should silence a lot of critics." -- Jack Treynor, President, Treynor Capital Management"The authors do not overlook various criticisms of the MPT, but rather address them convincingly.This excellent book is an essential reference for academics and practitioners alike." -- Haim Levy, Miles Robinson Professor of Finance, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel"Markowitz’s groundbreaking publications on Portfolio Selection prescribe a methodology that a rational decision-maker can follow to optimize his investment portfolio in a risky world. . . . Thischallenging new book clarifies many common misconceptions about modern portfolio theory." -- Roger C.Gibson, author of Asset Allocation and Chief Investment Officer, Gibson Capital, LLC"Contain[s] great wisdom that every economist, portfolio manager, and investor should savor page by page." -- Andrew W.Lo, Charles E. and Susan T. Harris Professor and Director, Laboratory for Financial Engineering, MIT Sloan School of Management"[Markowitz's] monumental work in the 1950s would be sufficient to qualify as a lifetime achievement for most mortals, but he keeps spouting fresh insights like lightning flashes year after year, and penetrating ever deeper into the theory, mathematics, and practice of investing." -- Martin Leibowitz, Managing Director, Global Research Strategy, Morgan Stanley"Risk–Return Analysis is a wonderful work in progress by a remarkable scholar who always has time to read what matters, who has the deepest appreciation of scientific achievement, and who has the highest aspirations for the future." -- Enterprising Investor (CFA Institute)
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The Rational Male - Preventive Medicine
Building on the core works of The Rational Male - Preventive Medicine presents a poignant outline of the phases of maturity and the most commonly predictable experiences men can expect from women as they progress through various stages of life.Rational and pragmatic, the book explores the intergender and social dynamics of each stage of women's maturity and provides a practical understanding for men in dealing with women in those phases.Preventive Medicine also provides revealing outlines of feminine social primacy, Hypergamy, the 'Hierarchies of Love' and the importance of understanding the conventional nature of complementary masculinity in a world designed to keep men ignorant of it.The Rational Male - Preventive Medicine seeks to help men who "wish they knew then what they know now."The book is the first in of series complements to The Rational Male, the twelve-year core writing of author/blogger Rollo Tomassi from therationalmale.com.Rollo Tomassi is one of the leading voices in the globally growing, male-focused online consortium known as the "Manosphere".
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Are people considered rational?
People are generally considered to be rational to some extent, as they are capable of making logical decisions based on their beliefs, preferences, and available information. However, human behavior is also influenced by emotions, biases, and cognitive limitations, which can lead to irrational decision-making. While people strive to be rational, they are also subject to various psychological and social factors that can impact their ability to make purely rational choices. Overall, people can be rational in certain situations, but their decision-making is often influenced by a combination of rational and irrational factors.
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What are rational functions?
Rational functions are functions that can be expressed as the ratio of two polynomials. They are defined for all real numbers except where the denominator polynomial is equal to zero. Rational functions can have vertical asymptotes where the denominator is zero, and horizontal asymptotes as x approaches positive or negative infinity. These functions can have a variety of shapes and behaviors depending on the degree of the numerator and denominator polynomials.
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Is man still rational?
Man is still rational to a certain extent, as humans have the ability to think critically, make decisions based on logic and reason, and solve complex problems. However, emotions, biases, and external influences can sometimes cloud our judgment and lead to irrational behavior. It is important for individuals to be aware of these factors and strive to make rational decisions based on sound reasoning and evidence.
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Are you rational thinkers?
As an AI, I am programmed to process information and make decisions based on logic and reasoning. My responses are generated using algorithms and data analysis, which are designed to be rational and logical. However, it is important to note that my responses are based on the information available to me and may not always reflect the full complexity of human thought processes. Ultimately, the concept of rational thinking is subjective and can vary depending on individual perspectives and beliefs.
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